Children’s Rights in Islam

Assoc. Prof. Dr. IZZETULLAH ZEKI

Children’s Rights in Islam

In Islam, children's rights are extensively addressed through the Qur’an and the Hadiths. These rights guarantee both the physical and spiritual well-being of children. Here are the fundamental aspects of children’s rights in Islam:

1. Right to Life

Islam recognizes the right to life even before a child is born. Practices such as female infanticide, common during the pre-Islamic era, were strictly prohibited:

“And when the girl [who was] buried alive is asked for what sin she was killed.”

(Qur’an, At-Takwir, 81:8–9)

2. Right to Lineage

Every child has the right to be born within a legitimate marriage and to have their lineage (parentage) clearly identified and protected.

3. Right to Love and Compassion

The Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) emphasized showing love and mercy to children. He embraced, kissed, and played with them.

“He who does not show mercy to our young ones and acknowledge the rights of our elders is not one of us.”

(Tirmidhi, Birr, 15)

4. Right to Education and Upbringing

Parents are responsible for teaching both religious and worldly knowledge to their children. Instilling good character, responsibility, and religious values is essential.

“A father gives his child nothing better than a good education.”

(Tirmidhi, Birr, 33)

5. Right to Health and Nutrition

Islam obligates parents to provide for their child’s health and nutrition. Breastfeeding is encouraged in the Qur’an:

“Mothers may breastfeed their children two complete years…”

(Qur’an, Al-Baqarah, 2:233)

6. Right to Property and Inheritance

Children have the right to inherit from their parents. Inheritance laws in Islam ensure a fair and balanced distribution between male and female children.

7. Right to Equal Treatment

Parents must not discriminate among their children. The Prophet (pbuh) encouraged fairness:

“Fear Allah and treat your children equally.”

(Bukhari, Hiba, 12)

8. Right to Play and Rest

Islam acknowledges that play is a natural and important part of childhood. The Prophet himself played with children and appreciated their joyful spirit.

In conclusion, children’s rights in Islam are not only the responsibility of parents but also of the entire society. Providing a safe, loving, and just environment for children is a moral and religious duty in Islam.

Assoc. Prof. Dr. IZZETULLAH ZEKI